35. Firewall Rules

Firewall rules in Google Cloud VPC control the traffic between instances within the network and traffic between instances and the internet. You can create, modify, and delete firewall rules to allow or deny specific types of traffic based on protocols, ports, and source/destination IP addresses. To manage firewall rules:

1. Create a firewall rule to allow or deny specific traffic. CLI Command: gcloud compute firewall-rules create
2. Update an existing firewall rule to modify its configuration. CLI Command: gcloud compute firewall-rules update
3. Delete a firewall rule when it’s no longer required. CLI Command: gcloud compute firewall-rules delete

36. Load Balancing

Google Cloud offers various load balancing options, such as global HTTP(S) load balancing, SSL proxy load balancing, TCP proxy load balancing, and network load balancing, to distribute traffic among instances and improve application performance, availability, and scalability. To set up a load balancer:

1. Choose the appropriate load balancing option based on your application requirements and create a load balancer. CLI Command: gcloud compute forwarding-rules create
2. Configure backend services, target pools, or target instances based on the chosen load balancing option. CLI Command: gcloud compute backend-services create
3. Set up health checks to monitor the health of your instances and ensure traffic is only sent to healthy instances. CLI Command: gcloud compute health-checks create

37. Cloud CDN

Cloud CDN (Content Delivery Network) is a distributed network of servers that caches and serves content to users from the edge location nearest to them. It helps reduce latency, improve application performance, and reduce the load on your origin servers. To enable Cloud CDN:

1. Configure a backend service with Cloud CDN enabled. CLI Command: gcloud compute backend-services update
2. Create a global HTTP(S) load balancer to direct traffic to the backend service. CLI Command: gcloud compute forwarding-rules create

By exploring these advanced VPC features, you can further optimize your network infrastructure and enhance security, performance, and scalability. Leveraging these features allows you to create a robust and flexible network environment that caters to your organization’s unique requirements.

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38. Cloud DNS

Cloud DNS is a scalable, reliable, and managed Domain Name System (DNS) service that allows you to create, publish, and manage DNS records for your domains. It enables you to resolve domain names to IP addresses, improving the performance and availability of your applications. To manage Cloud DNS:

1. Create a managed DNS zone for your domain. CLI Command: gcloud dns managed-zones create
2. Add, update, or delete DNS records in the managed zone to configure domain routing. CLI Command: gcloud dns record-sets transaction
3. Configure your domain registrar to use Google Cloud DNS name servers.

39. Google Cloud Armor

Google Cloud Armor is a managed security service that provides DDoS protection and web application firewall (WAF) capabilities to protect your applications from malicious traffic and attacks. To set up Google Cloud Armor:

1. Create a security policy with the desired rules and conditions. CLI Command: gcloud compute security-policies create
2. Associate the security policy with your global HTTP(S) load balancer’s backend services. CLI Command: gcloud compute backend-services update

40. Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP)

Identity-Aware Proxy (IAP) is a security service that allows you to control access to your applications and resources based on the user’s identity and group membership. This enables you to implement context-aware access control without the need for VPNs or bastion hosts. To set up IAP:

1. Enable IAP for your App Engine application, Cloud Run service, or global HTTP(S) load balancer. CLI Command: gcloud services enable iap.googleapis.com
2. Configure OAuth consent screen and create OAuth client ID.
3. Set up access control by defining IAP-secured resource and assigning roles to users and groups. CLI Command: gcloud projects add-iam-policy-binding

41. Cloud NAT

As mentioned earlier, Cloud NAT is a managed NAT service that allows instances without public IP addresses to access the internet. It helps improve the security and reduce the attack surface of your instances. To configure Cloud NAT:

1. Create a Cloud Router. CLI Command: gcloud compute routers create
2. Create a NAT configuration on the Cloud Router. CLI Command: gcloud compute routers nats create
3. Assign instances to use Cloud NAT by either removing their public IP addresses or configuring their network tags.

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